A Problem-Solving Therapy technique focused on problem normalization and reframing. It helps the therapist and client turn an emotionally loaded difficulty into a defined problem, generate options, choose a workable response, act, and learn from the result.
Step-by-step guide
- Choose one concrete, manageable problem rather than the whole life situation.
- Define the goal in observable terms: what should be different if this improves.
- Generate several possible responses before evaluating any of them.
- Choose one trial solution using resources, consequences, and values as criteria.
- Turn the solution into a specific action plan with obstacles and responses.
- Review the result and repeat the cycle with better information.
When to use
- Concrete life problems that maintain distress
- Depression, stress, chronic illness, or life transitions
- Clients who benefit from structured skills practice
Key phrases
Let us use problem normalization and reframing to make this problem more workable.
Follow-up questions
What exactly is the problem, in one concrete situation?
What options can we list before judging them?
Which option is realistic enough to test this week?
Alternative phrasings
This is not a final answer; it is a trial solution.
A problem becomes easier when we can name the next step.
Warnings
- ⚠️ Do not rush to solutions before the problem is defined.
- ⚠️ Do not choose the solution for the client.
- ⚠️ Stabilize acute crisis before skills training.
Source: D'Zurilla & Nezu; Nezu, Nezu & D'Zurilla; PST treatment manuals and social problem-solving research
Materials are informational and educational and summarize publicly available scientific sources. They are not medical or psychological advice, are not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment, and do not replace consultation with a qualified professional.