A diagnostic instrument for uncovering emotionally charged complexes through the analysis of disturbances in reactions to stimulus words. Developed by Jung at the Burghölzli in 1903–1906. It predates the polygraph and laid the empirical foundation for the theory of complexes. Indicators of a complex: delayed reaction, repetition of the stimulus word, absence of a response, perseveration, change of answer in the second run.
Step-by-step guide
- Present the client with 100 stimulus words (Jung's standard list — from mundane to emotionally loaded)
- Record the first associative response and the reaction time (stopwatch)
- Carry out a repeat run (the same words after ~20 minutes) — compare with the first
- Note the indicators of a complex: increased reaction time, repetition of the stimulus word, absence of a response, laughter, bodily reactions, changes of answer on repeat
- Compile a "map of complexes" and discuss with the client — which themes produced the greatest disturbance
When to use
- In the initial stages of analysis — to compile a "map" of personal complexes
- With unclear symptoms or recurring life patterns
- When the client struggles to speak about themselves directly (defensive rationalization)
- In work with somatic symptoms with no obvious cause
Key phrases
I will say a word, and you say the first thing that comes to mind — without thinking it over.
Follow-up questions
Did you notice that you reacted differently to that word? What is associated with it?
It seems the theme [X] produces a special response. What stands behind it?
Warnings
- ⚠️ The method is diagnostic, not therapeutic in itself — the results require further work in analysis
- ⚠️ Do not use it as a "lie detector" — this violates the trust of the temenos
- ⚠️ The method is rarely used in pure clinical form today; more often the principle of attention to "complex indicators" is applied in free conversation
Source: Jung C.G. CW 2 (Experimental Researches, 1904–1907); Studies in Word Association (1918)
Materials are informational and educational and summarize publicly available scientific sources. They are not medical or psychological advice, are not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment, and do not replace consultation with a qualified professional.