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Situational Attentional Refocusing (SAR)

Situational Attentional Refocusing (SAR)
🛡️ Mastery 🏃 Behavior

A strategy of transferring attention from internal self-monitoring and threat-oriented scanning to external tasks in specific situations. Unlike ATT, SAR is applied directly in stressful situations — for example, in social anxiety during a conversation. The task is to stop self-observation and focus on the interlocutor.

Step-by-step guide

  1. Identify the situations in which the client excessively monitors themselves (am I blushing? stuttering? do I look stupid?)
  2. Explain that self-monitoring intensifies anxiety and maintains negative beliefs
  3. Give the instruction: in the situation, switch attention to the external world — what the interlocutor is saying
  4. Conduct a behavioral experiment: compare the level of anxiety with self-focus vs external focus
  5. Discuss the result and the metacognitive meaning of the experience

When to use

  • Social anxiety, panic disorder (symptom monitoring), OCD (checking behavior)
  • Applied in the moment of exposure, not outside the context

Key phrases

What happens when you monitor yourself during a conversation?

Follow-up questions

Try to focus on what the other person is saying — not on yourself
What changed when you stopped observing yourself?

Alternative phrasings

Your attention is a resource. Where do you direct it at this moment?

Warnings

  • ⚠️ SAR is not distraction and not suppression of anxiety: the client notices the anxiety, but does not focus on it
  • ⚠️ Explain to the client the difference between conscious refocusing and avoidance

Source: Wells, 2009

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Materials are informational and educational and summarize publicly available scientific sources. They are not medical or psychological advice, are not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment, and do not replace consultation with a qualified professional.