A structure for exploring the client's life through four dimensions: physical (Umwelt — body, health, nature), social (Mitwelt — people, relationships, culture), personal (Eigenwelt — convictions, values, inner world), and spiritual (Überwelt — meaning, ideals, transcendence). It helps see imbalance — where it is dense, where it is empty — and find an entry point for work. Van Deurzen uses this map as an existential anamnesis.
Step-by-step guide
- Present the four dimensions as a "map of life"
- Explore each: "How are things in relationships? In the body? In the inner life? In meanings?"
- Visualize (one can draw a cross or four squares): where is it full, where empty?
- Identify the imbalance and ask: "What does this mean for you?"
- Give the client the choice: "Where among these would you want to begin?"
When to use
- Initial assessment and entry into the work
- Burnout with a sense of a dead end in everything at once
- Existential vacuum
- Search for balance and life orientation
- Crisis after a major life event
Key phrases
Let's look at your life in four dimensions. In which of them is it most empty or heavy right now?
Follow-up questions
How are things in relationships — are there people with whom you are truly close?
How do you relate to your body and health now?
Is there something that gives life meaning — or is this dimension empty now?
Alternative phrasings
"If you drew four areas of your life — which of them most needs attention?"
Warnings
- ⚠️ Do not turn it into a formal questionnaire — it is a living conversation
- ⚠️ Do not require the client to "fill in" all four dimensions — respect their map
Source: van Deurzen, 2002 — Existential Counselling and Psychotherapy in Practice
Materials are informational and educational and summarize publicly available scientific sources. They are not medical or psychological advice, are not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment, and do not replace consultation with a qualified professional.