Anderson and Goolishian introduced the notion of the "problem-organizing, problem-dissolving system": a problem is not an "objective reality" but a linguistic event. It exists in the conversation in which it is created. When the conversation changes, the problem changes too — up to its "dissolving". The aim of therapy is not to "solve" the problem technically, but to create a dialogical space in which the problem stops holding the client. The end of therapy is understood not as "the problem is solved" but as "the problem dissolved in a new conversation".
Step-by-step guide
- Inquire in which conversation the problem exists: who is involved in it, which words are holding it
- Change not the client's behavior, but the meaning of the situation through dialogue
- Ask questions that invite multiple descriptions of the problem
- Notice when the problem begins to "lose form" in the conversation — and support that movement
- Understand the closing of therapy not as "the problem is solved", but as "the problem dissolved in a new conversation"
When to use
- When the client feels "stuck", when the problem seems unchanging and monolithic
- When a rigid system has formed around the problem (family, professionals)
- In chronic cases with a long history of "treatment"
- When direct solutions are not working and a shift in understanding is needed
Key phrases
How long has it been talked about precisely this way?
Who else is part of the conversation about this problem?
Follow-up questions
What would change if we started talking about it differently?
When does this situation not look like a problem?
How do you yourself name it — in your words, not in others' words?
Alternative phrasings
If this problem were no more — what would you talk about then?
Where does this word "problem" come from? Is it your word or someone else's?
Warnings
- ⚠️ The idea of "dissolving the problem" must not be used as a way to devalue the real experience of suffering
- ⚠️ The problem may be a linguistic construct — but the person's pain is real
- ⚠️ Do not rush toward "dissolving" — the process requires deep dialogue, not a quick reframing
Source: Anderson, H. & Goolishian, H. 1988; Anderson, H. 1997
Materials are informational and educational and summarize publicly available scientific sources. They are not medical or psychological advice, are not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment, and do not replace consultation with a qualified professional.